As of January 2021, the “strong customer authentication” is launched at European and national level, in accordance with Directive (EU) 2015/2366 “on payment services in the internal market” (PSD 2) and Law 4537/2018 (Government Gazette A’ 84). The relevant procedure is necessary when a consumer carries out a payment card transaction in an e-commerce environment.
The strong customer authentication requirements are obligatory for all payment service providers (e.g. banks, payment institutions, e-money institutions, etc.), and were introduced in order to achieve maximum security in payment card (debit, credit and prepaid) customer transactions. Therefore, the member banks of the EBA, following the rules of the current legislation, do not accept and reject transactions that do not comply with the new security requirements. Rejected transactions are mainly due to the lack of adaptation of the e-commerce business and/or the failure of payment card holders to adopt the instructions of their co-operating bank in a timely manner.
What is strong customer identification?
Strong customer identification is a new set of rules that change the way consumers are identified when shopping in an e-commerce environment in order to further protect them from fraud. More specifically, ‘strong customer identification’ means the process of verifying the identity of the payment card holder using two (2) or more pieces of information:
- Knowledge (something only the user knows), such as a secret code or the answer to a memorizable question,
- possession (something only the user possesses), such as possession of an OTP SMS received or his mobile phone, and
- a unique physical (intrinsic) characteristic, such as his/her fingerprint.
Both these elements are required to be independent, in the sense that tampering with one does not compromise the trustworthiness of the others, and to be designed in such a way that the confidentiality of the identification data is protected.
For example, the issuer (e.g. a bank) of a payment card may use one of several ways to verify the execution of a payment transaction, such as a one-time password (OTP) via SMS/Viber text message combined with a code(s) known only to the customer (e.g. Web Banking codes), special mobile device app (for mobile phone, tablet), use of biometric data (e.g. fingerprint) of the customer in the bank’s mobile banking, etc.
The member banks of the Hellenic Banking Association have made the necessary changes in order to allow their consumer customers to be identified in a manner consistent with the new requirements of European and Greek legislation.